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Task 1 History of Al-Andalus. Political evolution of Al-Andalus.

1. Iberian peninsula before Muslim´s arrival

The Visigothic Kigdom ,the political  had several problems before Muslim´s arrival :

  1. Kings fought to dominate the still independent territories in the Peninsula, such as Suebi (Northwest) and Vascones (North) .
  2. Nobility and monarchs had internal struggles to hold the power. King Wittiza’s son, wanted to dethrone Roderic, the Visigothic king.

Muslims took profit of the internal division to invade the peninsula in 711.

    2. Muslim conquest and dependent Emirate (711-756)

    The Islamic Empire had expanded during the Umayyad Caliphate. The province of Ifriqiyya (Africa) was ruled by Musa.map of conquest

    Achila, a Roderic enemy,  demanded Musa’s help to push the king out from the throne. Musa sent Tariq with 12,000 soldiers, mostly Berbers ( inhabitants from the highlands of northern Africa) .

    Tariq landed in Gibraltar (Yebel Tariq) and Muslim troops defeated the Visigothic army of Roderic in the battle of Guadalete.  After the victory, Muslims occupied the main Spanish cities, such as Toledo and Cordoba. Musa continued the military campaign in 712 with 18,000 more Arab soldiers and he conquered cities like Seville, Merida or Zaragoza.

    The whole peninsula was controlled in 714 and there were continuous raids in the north to control the independent areas  ( Cantabrian mountains or Pyrenees

    TRUE - FALSE

    Say if the next sentences are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.

    Pregunta 1

    The whole nobility supported Roderic.

    Pregunta 2

    Wittiza wanted to dethrone Roderic.

    Pregunta 3

    Islamic Empire extended during the Umayyad dynasty

    Pregunta 4

    Musa landed in Gibraltar.

    Pregunta 5

    Sevilla and Cordoba were the first cities conquered.

    Pregunta 6

    The Muslim conquest of the Iberian peninsula lasted from the 711 to 712

    Pregunta 7

    The whole Iberian peninsula was conquered and there were not resistance to  Muslims

    Rellenar huecos

    Lea el párrafo que aparece abajo y complete las palabras que faltan.

    In 711  forces  and in conquered the peninsula.

    It one of the great Muslim civilisations; its summit with the caliphate of in the century.

    Muslim rule declined after the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa and ended in when was conquered.

    The heartland of Muslim rule was Southern Peninsula or Andalusia.

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